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Falcon Scott\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u5e74\u9f61\u76f8\u8fd1\uff08\u4e09\u5341\u4e5d\u6b72\u53ca\u56db\u5341\u4e09\u6b72\uff09\uff0c\u7d93\u6b77\u4e5f\u76f8\u7576\u3002\u4e9e\u5b5f\u68ee\u66fe\u7387\u9818\u63a2\u96aa\u968a\u7387\u5148\u6210\u529f\u7a7f\u8d8a\u897f\u5317\u822a\u9053\uff08Northwest Passage\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u66fe\u52a0\u5165\u7b2c\u4e00\u652f\u5728\u5357\u6975\u5e73\u5b89\u5ea6\u904e\u5bd2\u51ac\u7684\u63a2\u96aa\u968a\uff1b\u53f2\u8003\u7279\u5247\u5728\u4e00\u4e5d\u25cb\u4e8c\u5e74\u7387\u9818\u5357\u6975\u63a2\u96aa\u968a\u62b5\u9054\u5357\u7def\u516b\u5341\u4e8c\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e9e\u5b5f\u68ee\u548c\u53f2\u8003\u7279\u51fa\u767c\u524d\u5f80\u5357\u6975\u7684\u6642\u9593\u53ea\u76f8\u9694\u5e7e\u5929\uff0c\u5169\u4eba\u90fd\u8981\u9762\u5c0d\u4f86\u56de\u4e00\u5343\u56db\u767e\u54e9\u7684\u6f2b\u9577\u65c5\u7a0b\uff08\u5e7e\u4e4e\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u5f9e\u7d10\u7d04\u5230\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u4f86\u56de\uff09\uff0c\u548c\u6975\u7aef\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u56b4\u9177\u74b0\u5883\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u590f\u5929\u7684\u5357\u6975\uff0c\u6c23\u6eab\u52d5\u8f12\u53ef\u80fd\u964d\u5230\u83ef\u6c0f\u96f6\u4e0b\u4e8c\u5341\u5ea6\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e0d\u65b7\u6012\u865f\u7684\u72c2\u98a8\u3002\u5225\u5fd8\u4e86\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u662f\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e00\u4e00\u5e74\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u6c92\u8fa6\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u901a\u8a0a\u8a2d\u5099\u548c\u57fa\u5730\u71df\u901a\u8a71\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u7121\u7dda\u96fb\u3001\u6c92\u6709\u624b\u6a5f\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u885b\u661f\u9023\u7dda\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u5931\u6557\u4e86\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u6551\u63f4\u968a\u9060\u8d74\u5357\u6975\u9ede\u62ef\u6551\u4ed6\u5011\u3002\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4f4d\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u7387\u9818\u63a2\u96aa\u968a\u6210\u529f\u62b5\u9054\u76ee\u7684\u5730\uff0c\u4e26\u5b89\u5168\u6b78\u4f86\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4f4d\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u537b\u5e36\u8457\u968a\u54e1\u6b65\u5411\u5931\u6557\u548c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u5169\u500b\u4eba\u7a76\u7adf\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u8655\uff1f\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4eba\u5728\u6975\u7aef\u56b4\u82db\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\u6210\u529f\u4e86\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u537b\u751a\u81f3\u9023\u6027\u547d\u90fd\u4e0d\u4fdd\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9019\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5c0d\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u984c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6975\u70ba\u751f\u52d5\u7684\u6bd4\u55bb\u3002\u5169\u4f4d\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u90fd\u5728\u6975\u7aef\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e0b\u8ffd\u6c42\u6975\u81f4\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u5341\u500d\u52dd\u516c\u53f8\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u6a21\u5f0f\u5f88\u50cf\u4e9e\u5b5f\u68ee\uff0c\u800c\u5c0d\u7167\u4f01\u696d\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u5247\u6bd4\u8f03\u50cf\u53f2\u8003\u7279\u3002\u6211\u5011\u5f8c\u9762\u5c31\u6703\u8a0e\u8ad6\u9019\u4e9b\u4f01\u696d\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u60f3\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u5148\u8a73\u7d30\u8aaa\u4e00\u8aaa\u4e9e\u5b5f\u68ee\u548c\u53f2\u8003\u7279\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff08\u5982\u679c\u5404\u4f4d\u60f3\u8981\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u4e9e\u5b5f\u68ee\u548c\u53f2\u8003\u7279\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e0d\u59a8\u95b1\u8b80\u4ea8\u7279\u798f\u5fb7\u3014Roland Huntford\u3015\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u500b\u5730\u65b9\u300b\uff08The Last Place on Earth\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u5169\u4f4d\u63a2\u96aa\u5bb6\u6709\u8a73\u76e1\u800c\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u5c0d\u7167\u5206\u6790\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4f60\u662f\u4e9e\u5b5f\u68ee\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u53f2\u8003\u7279\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u516b\u4e5d\u4e5d\u5e74\uff0c\u4e9e\u5b5f\u68ee\u5c07\u8fd1\u4e09\u5341\u6b72\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f9e\u632a\u5a01\u555f\u7a0b\uff0c\u6e96\u5099\u524d\u5f80\u897f\u73ed\u7259\uff0c\u53c3\u52a0\u70ba\u671f\u5169\u500b\u6708\u7684\u5e06\u8239\u4e4b\u65c5\u3002\u9762\u5c0d\u9577\u9054\u5169\u5343\u54e9\u7684\u8def\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e9e\u5b5f\u68ee\u6253\u7b97\u600e\u9ebc\u53bb\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5462\uff1f\u642d\u99ac\u8eca\uff1f\u9a0e\u99ac\uff1f\u5750\u8239\uff1f\u9084\u662f\u642d\u706b\u8eca\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7d50\u679c\u4ed6\u9078\u64c7\u9a0e\u55ae\u8eca\u3002<br><br>\u63a5\u8457\uff0c\u4e9e\u5b5f\u68ee\u9084\u751f\u5403\u6d77\u8c5a\u8089\uff0c\u8a66\u9a57\u770b\u770b\u6d77\u8c5a\u8089\u80fd\u5426\u4f9b\u61c9\u4eba\u9ad4\u6240\u9700\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u3002\u4ed6\u63a8\u65b7\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u54ea\u4e00\u5929\u8aaa\u4e0d\u5b9a\u6703\u906d\u9047\u8239\u96e3\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u8eab\u908a\u90fd\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u6d77\u8c5a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u5148\u5f04\u6e05\u695a\u6d77\u8c5a\u8089\u7a76\u7adf\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5403\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u4e9e\u5b5f\u68ee\u4e00\u76f4\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u52aa\u529b\u6253\u6839\u57fa\uff0c\u4e0d\u65b7\u935b\u934a\u8eab\u9ad4\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u5f9e\u5be6\u969b\u7d93\u9a57\u4e2d\u7d2f\u7a4d\u6709\u7528\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u54ea\u4e9b\u505a\u6cd5\u884c\u5f97\u901a\u3001\u54ea\u4e9b\u884c\u4e0d\u901a\uff0c\u751f\u5403\u6d77\u8c5a\u8089\u53ea\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e9e\u5b5f\u68ee\u751a\u81f3\u9060\u8d74\u6975\u5730\uff0c\u898b\u7fd2\u611b\u65af\u57fa\u6469\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u61c9\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u61c9\u4ed8\u6975\u5730\u56b4\u82db\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u83ab\u904e\u65bc\u82b1\u6642\u9593\u548c\u611b\u65af\u57fa\u6469\u4eba\u4e00\u8d77\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u6578\u767e\u5e74\u4f86\u5df2\u7d93\u7d2f\u7a4d\u4e86\u5728\u5929\u5bd2\u5730\u51cd\u4e2d\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u8c50\u5bcc\u7d93\u9a57\u3002\u4e9e\u5b5f\u68ee\u5b78\u7fd2\u611b\u65af\u57fa\u6469\u4eba\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u72d7\u4f86\u62c9\u96ea\u6a47\uff1b\u4ed6\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u611b\u65af\u57fa\u6469\u4eba\u884c\u52d5\u6642\u7e3d\u662f\u4e0d\u614c\u4e0d\u5fd9\uff0c\u597d\u6574\u4ee5\u6687\uff0c\u514d\u5f97\u6d41\u592a\u591a\u6c57\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6c57\u6c34\u5728\u96f6\u5ea6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4f4e\u6eab\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u51cd\u7d50\u6210\u51b0\uff1b\u4ed6\u4e5f\u63a1\u7528\u611b\u65af\u57fa\u6469\u4eba\u7684\u7a7f\u8457\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7e3d\u662f\u6311\u9078\u5bec\u9b06\uff08\u8b93\u6c57\u6c34\u6bd4\u8f03\u5bb9\u6613\u84b8\u767c\uff09\u4e14\u80fd\u4fdd\u8b77\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u670d\u88dd\uff1b\u4ed6\u9084\u6709\u7cfb\u7d71\u5730\u7df4\u7fd2\u611b\u65af\u57fa\u6469\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8a13\u7df4\u81ea\u5df1\u61c9\u4ed8\u6975\u5730\u63a2\u96aa\u6642\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u50cf\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u72c0\u6cc1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e9e\u5b5f\u68ee\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u662f\uff1a\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b49\u5230\u98a8\u66b4\u7a81\u7136\u5e2d\u6372\u800c\u81f3\uff0c\u624d\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u5920\u5f37\u58ef\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8010\u529b\uff1b\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b49\u5230\u767c\u751f\u8239\u96e3\uff0c\u624d\u8003\u616e\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u751f\u5403\u6d77\u8c5a\u8089\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff1b\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b49\u5230\u5df2\u7d93\u8e0f\u4e0a\u5357\u6975\u63a2\u96aa\u4e4b\u65c5\uff0c 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Collins\uff09<\/strong><br>\u67ef\u6797\u65af\u5f9e1988\u5e74\u8d77\u4efb\u6559\u65bc\u53f2\u4e39\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u4f01\u7ba1\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u4e26\u65bc1992\u5e74\u69ae\u7372\u53f2\u4e39\u4f5b\u5091\u51fa\u6559\u6388\u5e2b\u9438\u734e\u30021995\u5e74\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u79d1\u7f85\u62c9\u591a\u5dde\u7684\u535a\u5fb7\u5e02\uff08Boulder\uff09\u8a2d\u7acb\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f01\u7ba1\u7814\u7a76\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u3002<br><br>\u591a\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u7d93\u64d4\u4efb\u9ed8\u514b\u85e5\u5ee0\u3001\u661f\u5df4\u514b\u3001\u5b0c\u751f\u3001\u6642\u4ee3\u96c6\u5718\u7b49\u6578\u767e\u5bb6\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u9867\u554f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8a31\u591a\u975e\u71df\u5229\u7d44\u7e54\u8aee\u8a62\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7d04\u7ff0\u970d\u666e\u91d1\u65af\u91ab\u5b78\u9662\u3001\u5f7c\u5f97\u675c\u62c9\u514b\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\u3001\u7f8e\u570b\u524d\u526f\u7e3d\u7d71\u9ad8\u723e\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u6539\u9020\u6703\u8b70\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u66fe\u5411\u4ed6\u8acb\u76ca\u3002<br><br>\u67ef\u6797\u65af\u5728\u7576\u4ee3\u4f01\u7ba1\u5927\u5e2b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d20\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u56b4\u8b39\u800c\u8457\u7a31\uff0c\u300a\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u4eba\u300b\u3001\u300a\u8ca1\u661f\u300b\u3001\u300a\u54c8\u4f5b\u5546\u696d\u8a55\u8ad6\u300b\u3001\u7f8e\u570b\u300a\u5546\u696d\u5468\u520a\u300b\u7b49\u8457\u540d\u8ca1\u7d93\u96dc\u8a8c\uff0c\u90fd\u66fe\u6df1\u5165\u5831\u5c0e\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u53ca\u7406\u8ad6\u30022011\u5e74\uff0c\u300a\u54c8\u4f5b\u5546\u696d\u8a55\u8ad6\u300b\u9078\u51fa\u5168\u740350\u4f4d\u6700\u5177\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\uff0c\u67ef\u6797\u65af\u6392\u540d\u7b2c\u56db\uff0c\u88ab\u8b7d\u70ba\u662f\u5168\u7403\u6700\u5177\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u82f1\u7279\u723e\u3001\u860b\u679c\u96fb\u8166\u3001\u5fae\u8edf\u3001\u4e9e\u99ac\u905c\u3001\u661f\u5df4\u514b\u3001\u5b0c\u751f\u7b49\u8a31\u591a\u77e5\u540d\u4f01\u696d\u3002<br><br>\u8457\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u300a\u57fa\u696d\u9577\u9752\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5f9eA\u5230A+\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5f9eA\u5230A+\u7684\u793e\u6703\u300b\u3001\u300a\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebcA+\u5de8\u4eba\u4e5f\u6703\u5012\u4e0b\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5341\u500d\u52dd\uff0c\u7d55\u4e0d\u55ae\u9760\u904b\u6c23\u300b\u7b49\u66a2\u92b7\u5de8\u8457\uff0c\u6df1\u53d7\u5b78\u754c\u3001\u4f01\u696d\u754c\u3001\u975e\u71df\u5229\u7d44\u7e54\u7b49\u5404\u754c\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u63a8\u5d07\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u300a\u5f9eA\u5230A+\u300b\u6210\u70ba\u6700\u66a2\u92b7\u7684\u5546\u696d\u66f8\u7c4d\uff0c\u67ef\u6797\u65af\u582a\u7a31\u662f\u300c\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u88ab\u5ee3\u6cdb\u95b1\u8b80\u7684\u5546\u696d\u4f5c\u5bb6\u300d\u3002<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u83ab\u9813\uff0e\u97d3\u68ee\uff08Morten T. 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